Abaphandi bafumene ii-enzymes ezimbini kwi-saliva ye-waxworms ngokwendalo yophula iplastiki eqhelekileyo kwiiyure nje zobushushu begumbi.
I-polyethylene yenye yeeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi, isetyenziswa kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwizikhongozeli zokutya ukuya kwiingxowa zokuthenga.Ngelishwa, ukuqina kwayo kuyenza ibe yinto engcolileyo eqhubekayo-ipolymer kufuneka icutshungulwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuqalisa inkqubo yokuthotywa.
Amathe e-waxworm aqulethe ekuphela kwe-enzyme eyaziwayo ukuba isebenze kwi-polyethylene engalungiswanga, isenza ezi proteni zendalo zibe luncedo kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona.
Isazi ngebhayoloji yemolekyuli kunye nomgcini weenyosi othanda inyosi uFederica Bertocchini ngempazamo uye wafumanisa isakhono semibungu yewax ukuthoba iplastiki kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo.
"Ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka, abafuyi beenyosi bahlala befaka iihives ezimbalwa ezingenanto ukuze babuyele ebaleni entwasahlobo," uBertocchini uxelele i-AFP kutshanje.
Wacoca isisele waza wafaka zonke iintshulube kwiingxowa zeplastiki.Ukubuya emva kwexesha elithile, wafumanisa ukuba ibhegi “yavuza”.
Iiwaxwings (Galleria mellonella) yimibungu ejika ibe ngamanundu ahlala ixesha elifutshane.Kwinqanaba leembungu, iintshulube zihlala kwi-hive, zondla kwi-bewax kunye ne-pollen.
Ukulandela oku kufunyanwa okuvuyisayo, uBertocchini kunye neqela lakhe kwiZiko loPhando lweBiological uMargherita Salas eMadrid babeka malunga nokuhlalutya amathe e-waxworm kwaye bapapasha iziphumo zabo kwiNxibelelwano yeNdalo.
Abaphandi basebenzise iindlela ezimbini: i-gel permeation chromatography, eyahlula iimolekyuli ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo, kunye ne-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, echonga amaqhekeza eemolekyuli ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wabo we-mass-to-charge.
Baye baqinisekisa ukuba amathe ayawaphula amatyathanga amade e-hydrocarbon e-polyethylene abe ngamatyathanga amancinci, ane-oxidized.
Emva koko basebenzise uhlalutyo lweproteomic ukuchonga "isandla se-enzymes" kwi-saliva, ezimbini zazo zibonakaliswe ukuba zifake i-polyethylene oxidize, abaphandi babhala.
Abaphandi babiza i-enzymes "iDemeter" kunye ne "Ceres" emva koothixokazi bamandulo bamaGrike namaRoma, ngokulandelanayo.
"Ngokolwazi lwethu, ezi polyvinylases ziyi-enzymes zokuqala ezikwazi ukwenza utshintsho olunjalo kwiifilimu ze-polyethylene kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa ngexesha elifutshane," abaphandi babhala.
Bongezelela ukuba ngenxa yokuba i-enzymes ezimbini zinqoba "isinyathelo sokuqala kunye nesona sinzima kwinkqubo yokuthotywa," inkqubo inokumela "indlela enye i-paradigm" yokulawula inkunkuma.
UBertocchini uxelele i-AFP ukuba ngelixa uphando lukwinqanaba lokuqala, ii-enzymes zinokuba zixutywe namanzi kwaye zagalelwa kwiplastiki kwiindawo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe.Zingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikude ngaphandle kwemibhobho yenkunkuma okanye kwimizi nganye.
Iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya elwandle kunye nomhlaba ziyavela ukuze zondle iplastiki, ngokophononongo luka-2021.
Ngo-2016, abaphandi baxela ukuba ibhaktheriya ifunyenwe kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma eJapan eqhekeza i-polyethylene terephthalate (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PET okanye i-polyester).Oku kwaphefumlela izazinzulu kamva ukuba zenze i-enzayim enokuqhekeza ngokukhawuleza iibhotile zesiselo zeplastiki.
Malunga ne-400 yezigidi zeetoni zenkunkuma zeplastiki ziveliswa ngonyaka ehlabathini, malunga ne-30% yazo i-polyethylene.Kuphela yi-10% yeetoni ezizibhiliyoni ezisi-7 zenkunkuma eyenziweyo ehlabathini esele ihlaziywe ngokutsha, nto leyo eshiya inkunkuma eninzi emhlabeni.
Ukunciphisa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kunciphisa impembelelo yenkunkuma yeplastiki kwindalo, kodwa ukuba ne-toolkit yokucoca i-clutter kunokusinceda ukuxazulula ingxaki yenkunkuma yeplastiki.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-07-2023
