Ngo-2006, iyelenqe lokuthwala iziqhushumbisi zolwelo kwiinqwelomoya ezisuka eLondon ukuya e-US naseKhanada zabangela ukuba uLawulo loKhuseleko lwezoThutho lubeke umda we-3-ounce kuzo zonke izikhongozeli zolwelo kunye nejeli kwimithwalo yesandla.
Oku kwakhokelela kumthetho owaziwayo ngoku kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokubanzi kwe-3-1-1 yokuphatha: umkhweli ngamnye ubeka isitya se-3-ounce kwisikhwama se-1-quart.Umthetho we-3-1-1 sele uneminyaka eyi-17.Ukusukela ngoko, ukhuseleko lwesikhululo seenqwelomoya luqhubele phambili ngokucwangcisekileyo nangokweteknoloji.Olona tshintsho lubalulekileyo lwesicwangciso lwalukungeniswa kwi-2011 yenkqubo ye-PreCheck esekelwe kumngcipheko, eyazisa ngcono i-TSA malunga nabahambi kwaye ibavumela ukuba basule ngokukhawuleza iindawo zokuhlola ukhuseleko lwesikhululo seenqwelomoya.
I-TSA ngoku ihambisa izixhobo zokuhlola i-computed tomography (CT) ezinokubonelela ngombono ochanekileyo we-3D wemixholo yemithwalo.
I-UK ithathe isigqibo sokungakwenzi kwaye ithatha amanyathelo okuphelisa lo mthetho.Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseLondon City, esokuqala e-UK ukurhoxisa umthetho, siskena imithwalo yesandla kunye nesixhobo sokuskena se-CT esinokujonga ngokuchanekileyo izikhongozeli zolwelo ukuya kuthi ga kwiilitha ezimbini, okanye malunga nesiqingatha segaloni.Iziqhushumbisi ezingamanzi zinoxinaniso olwahlukileyo kunamanzi kwaye zinokubhaqwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuskena ze-CT.
Okwangoku, urhulumente wase-UK uthi akukho ziganeko zokhuseleko kunye nezixhobo ze-CT scan.Yindlela ehlekisayo yokulinganisa impumelelo.
Ukuba naliphi na iqela labanqolobi lifuna iziqhushumbisi ezingamanzi ngokujonga iindawo zokhuseleko kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya, kungcono ukulinda de kungene ezinye izikhululo zeenqwelo moya zase-UK kwaye namanye amazwe alandele lo mzekelo ngokuvumela izikhongozeli ezinkulu zolwelo kwimithwalo yesandla.Uhlaselo olukhulu lunokucwangciswa ngethemba lokuba uhlobo oluthile lweziqhushumbisi zolwelo luya kugqobhoza inkqubo yokhuseleko, lubangele isiphithiphithi kunye nentshabalalo.
Kufuneka kuhambele phambili ukhuseleko kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, yaye oko kwakuyimfuneko kwiminyaka eli-10 okanye engama-20 eyadlulayo kusenokungasafuneki ukuze kugcinwe inkqubo yenqwelo-moya ikhuselekile.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba phantse bonke abakhenkethi abanangozi kwinkqubo yenqwelomoya.Izisongelo zabanqolobi zifana nqwa nokufumana inaliti emsileni.Ubunokwenzeka bokuphulwa kokhuseleko ngenxa yeenguqu zomgaqo-nkqubo kwixesha elifutshane liphantsi kakhulu.
Enye into engalunganga kwisigqibo se-UK kukuba ayingabo bonke abakhweli abadalwe belingana ngokokhuseleko.Uninzi lwazo lulungile ngokwenene.Ngokufanelekileyo ubani unokucebisa ukuba nangaluphi na usuku bonke abakhenkethi babe nobubele.Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ibe kwindawo yokulawula kungekuphela nje iintsuku ezininzi, kodwa kunye neentsuku ezingaqhelekanga.Izixhobo zokuhlola i-CT zibonelela ngeemigangatho zokuqiniswa ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko.
Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokuhlola i-CT azikho ngaphandle kwemida.Banokuba neengcamango zobuxoki ezinokucothisa ukuhamba kwabantu kwiindawo zokukhangela, okanye iingcamango zobuxoki ezinokukhokelela ekwaphulwa kokhuseleko ukuba abakhweli bayayiphutha.EUnited States, ngelixa umgaqo-nkqubo we-3-1-1 usekho, isantya sabahambi abadlula kwimigca yokhuseleko siye sacotha njengoko amagosa oLawulo lwezoThutho (TSA) alungelelanisa izixhobo ezintsha zeCT.
I-UK ayenzi ngobumfama.Ikwakhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukuqondwa kobuso bebhayometriki njengendlela yokuqinisekisa isazisi somhambi.Ngaloo ndlela, izithintelo kwizinto ezifana nolwelo kunye neejeli zinokukhululeka ukuba abahambi bayazazi iziphathamandla zabo zokhuseleko.
Ukuphumeza utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ofanayo kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya zase-US kuya kufuna ukuba i-TSA ifunde ngakumbi ngabakhweli.Oku kunokufezekiswa ngeendlela ezimbini.
Enye yezi lunikezelo lwasimahla lwe-PreCheck kuye nawuphi na umhambi onqwenela ukugqiba ujongo lwasemva olufunekayo.Enye indlela inokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwe-biometric ungqinisiso olufana nokubonwa kobuso, okuya kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezifanayo zokunciphisa ingozi.
Abakhweli abanjalo bavunyelwe ukuba bajonge imithwalo ngokwenkqubo ye-3-1-1.Abakhweli abangekayazi i-TSA basaza kuba phantsi kwalo mgaqo.
Abanye banokuthi abahambi abaziwayo be-TSA basenakho ukuthwala iziqhushumbisi ezingamanzi ngokujonga ukhuseleko kwaye babangele ukwenzakala.Oku kugxininisa ukuba kutheni inkqubo engqongqo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba ngabakhenkethi abaziwayo okanye ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwebhayometriki kufuneka ibe sisitshixo sokuphumza umthetho we-3-1-1, kuba imingcipheko enxulumene nabantu abanjalo iphantsi kakhulu.Uluhlu olongezelelweyo lokhuseleko olubonelelwa ngezixhobo ze-CT zokucinga luya kunciphisa umngcipheko oseleyo.
Ngexesha elifutshane, akukho.Nangona kunjalo, isifundo esifundiweyo sesokuba iimpendulo kwizisongelo zangaphambili kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngamaxesha athile.
Ukuthobela umthetho we-3-1-1 kuya kufuna ukuba i-TSA iqaphele abakhweli abaninzi.Umqobo omkhulu wokusebenzisa ukubonwa kobuso ukufezekisa le njongo yinkxalabo yabucala, eye yaphawulwa ubuncinci be-senator ezintlanu ngethemba lokuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo.Ukuba ezi senenja ziphumelele, akunakwenzeka ukuba umthetho we-3-1-1 uya kuphakanyiswa kubo bonke abagibeli.
Utshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo wase-UK lunyanzela amanye amazwe ukuba ahlole imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yokuhlawula amatyala.Umbuzo awungowokuba umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha uyafuneka, kodwa nini kwaye usenzelwa bani.
USheldon H. Jacobson unguNjingalwazi weNzululwazi yeKhompyutha kwiYunivesithi yase-Illinois e-Urbana-Champaign.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-04-2023
