Vatsvagiri vakawana ma enzymes maviri mumate ewaxworms ayo anogadzika mapurasitiki akajairwa mukati memaawa patembiricha.
Polyethylene imwe yemapurasitiki anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose, ari kushandiswa mune zvese kubva mumidziyo yekudya kusvika kumabhegi ekutenga.Nehurombo, kuomarara kwayo kunoita kuti irambe ichisvibisa — iyo polymer inofanirwa kugadziriswa patembiricha yakakwira kuti itange maitiro ekusvibisa.
Waxworm saliva ine iyo chete enzyme inozivikanwa kuita pane isina kugadziridzwa polyethylene, zvichiita kuti mapuroteni aya anongoitika ega anogona kubatsira zvakanyanya pakudzokorodza.
Molecular biologist uye muchengeti wenyuchi amateur Federica Bertocchini akawana netsaona kugona kwemakonye ekuderedza purasitiki makore mashoma apfuura.
"Pakupera kwemwaka, vachengeti nyuchi vanowanzoisa mikoko mishoma isina chinhu kuti vadzokere kumunda muchirimo," Bertocchini nguva pfupi yadarika akaudza AFP.
Akachenesa mukoko ndokuisa makonye ese mumasaga epurasitiki.Achidzoka mushure mechinguva, akawana kuti bhegi rakanga "rakadonha".
Waxwings ( Galleria mellonella ) makonye anoshanduka kuita wakisi moths kwenguva pfupi nekufamba kwenguva.Padanho remakonye, makonye anogara mumukoko, achidya nenamo uye mukume.
Zvichitevera kuwanikwa kunofadza uku, Bertocchini nechikwata chake paCentre for Biological Research Margherita Salas muMadrid vakatanga kuongorora mate ewaxworm uye vakaburitsa mhedzisiro yavo muNature Communications.
Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa nzira mbiri: gel permeation chromatography, iyo inoparadzanisa mamorekuru zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo, uye gasi chromatography-mass spectrometry, iyo inotaridza zvimedu zvema molecular zvichienderana nehuwandu hwehuwandu-ku-chaji.
Vakasimbisa kuti mate anotyora cheni dzakareba dzehydrocarbon yepolyethylene kuita macheni madiki, ane oxidized.
Vakabva vashandisa kuongorora kweproteomic kuti vaone "mashoma ema enzymes" mumate, maviri acho akaratidzwa kuti oxidize polyethylene, vaongorori vanonyora.
Vatsvagiri vakatumidza ma enzymes "Demeter" uye "Ceres" mushure mevamwarikadzi vezvekurima vechiGiriki nevechiRoma, zvichiteerana.
"Kuziva kwedu, aya ma polyvinylases ndiwo ma enzymes ekutanga anokwanisa kuita shanduko dzakadaro kumafirimu epolyethylene pakupisa kwekamuri munguva pfupi," vanoongorora vanonyora kudaro.
Vakawedzera kuti nekuda kwekuti ma enzymes maviri anokunda "danho rekutanga uye rakaoma kwazvo mukushatisa," maitiro anogona kumiririra "imwe nzira paradigm" yekugadzirisa marara.
Bertocchini akaudza AFP kuti nepo kuferefetwa kuchiri padanho rekutanga, ma enzymes anogona kunge akasanganiswa nemvura ndokudururirwa papurasitiki panzvimbo yekudzokorodza.Inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure dzisina marara emarara kana kunyange mudzimba dzega.
Microbes uye mabhakitiriya ari mugungwa nevhu ari kubuda kuti adye papurasitiki, maererano neongororo ya2021.
Muna 2016, vatsvakurudzi vakashuma kuti bhakitiriya rakawanikwa munzvimbo yemarara muJapan iyo inoputsa polyethylene terephthalate (inozivikanwawo sePET kana polyester).Izvi zvakazokurudzira masayendisiti kugadzira enzyme inogona kukurumidza kuputsa mabhodhoro ekunwa epurasitiki.
Inenge mamiriyoni mazana mana ematani emarara epurasitiki anogadzirwa gore negore munyika, inenge 30% iyo inonzi polyethylene.Chikamu gumi chete kubva muzana chemabhiriyoni manomwe ematani emarara anogadzirwa pasi rose akashandiswa patsva kusvika pari zvino, zvichisiya marara mazhinji asara munyika.
Kuderedza uye kushandisazve zvinhu pasina mubvunzo kunoderedza kukanganisa kwemarara epurasitiki pane zvakatipoteredza, asi kuva ne-clutter cleaning toolkit kunogona kutibatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko remarara epurasitiki.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-07-2023
