Muna 2006, rangano yekutakura zvinoputika mundege kubva kuLondon kuenda kuUS neCanada zvakakurudzira Transportation Security Administration kuti iteme 3-ounce muganho pamidziyo yese yemvura uye gel mumukwende wemaoko.
Izvi zvakatungamirira kune ikozvino-yakakurumbira uye yakashata 3-1-1 kutakura-mutemo mutemo: mumwe nomumwe anofamba anoisa 3-ounce mudziyo mu 1-quart bhegi.Mutemo we 3-1-1 wanga uripo kwemakore gumi nemanomwe.Kubva ipapo, kuchengetedzwa kwenhandare yendege kwave kufambira mberi mune zvese zvine hunyanzvi uye tekinoroji.Iyo inonyanya kukosha shanduko yehurongwa yaive sumo muna 2011 yengozi-based PreCheck system, iyo inozivisa zvirinani TSA nezvevafambi uye inovabvumira kukurumidza kujekesa nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza airport.
TSA parizvino iri kuendesa computed tomography (CT) yekuongorora michina inogona kupa yakanyatsojeka 3D maonero emukati memukwende.
Iyo UK yafunga kusadaro uye iri kutora matanho ekubvisa mutemo.London City Airport, yekutanga muUK kuregedza mutemo, iri kupenengura mikwende yemaoko neCT scanning midziyo inogona kunyatso tarisa midziyo yemvura inosvika malita maviri, kana hafu yegallon.Mabhomba anoputika ane density yakasiyana pane mvura uye anogona kuonekwa pachishandiswa CT scanning equipment.
Parizvino, hurumende yeUK inoti pakange pasina zviitiko zvekuchengetedza nemidziyo yeCT scan.Inzira isina musoro yekuyera budiriro.
Kana chero boka remagandanga richida zvinoputika panhandare dzendege, zvakanaka kumirira kusvika dzimwe nhandare dzendege dzekuUK dzapinda uye dzimwe nyika dzateverawo nekubvumidza midziyo mikuru yezvinwiwa mumukwende wemaoko.Kurwiswa kukuru kwaigona kurongwa mutariro yekuti imwe mhando yezvinoputika zvemvura yaizopaza nepakati pekuchengetedza system, zvichikonzera mhirizhonga uye kuparadza kwakapararira.
Kufambira mberi mukuchengetedzwa kwenhandare yendege kunodiwa, uye zvaidiwa makore 10 kana 20 apfuura zvingave zvisisadiwi kuchengetedza gadziriro yendege.
Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti vanenge vese vafambi havana njodzi kune hurongwa hwendege.Kutyisidzira kwemagandanga kwakafanana nokuwana tsono mumurwi wouswa.Iko mukana wekutyorwa kwekuchengetedza nekuda kwekuchinja kwepolicy munguva pfupi yakaderera zvakanyanya.
Imwe yadzikira kusarudzo yeUK ndeyekuti havasi vese vafambi vanogadzirwa vakaenzana maererano nekuchengetedza.Vazhinji vavo vakanaka chaizvo.Mumwe angatotaura nenzira yakarurama kuti pazuva ripi neripi vafambi vose vane mutsa.Nekudaro, marongero anofanirwa kunge aripo ekugadzirisa kwete mazuva mazhinji chete, asiwo mazuva asina kujairika.CT yekuongorora michina inopa akaturikidzana ekusimbisa kuderedza njodzi uye kupa kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera.
Nekudaro, CT yekuongorora michina haina miganhu.Vanogona kuva nemafungiro enhema anogona kuderedza kuyerera kwevanhu panzvimbo dzekutarisa, kana nhema dzenhema dzinogona kutungamirira mukuputsika kwekuchengetedza kana vafambi vakatadza.MuUnited States, nepo mutemo we3-1-1 uchiri kushanda, kumhanya kwevafambi vanopfuura nemumitsetse yedziviriro kwadzikira sezvo vakuru veTransportation Security Administration (TSA) vanojairana nemidziyo mitsva yeCT.
Iyo UK haiite nehupofu.Inokurudzirawo kucherechedzwa kwechiso chebiometric senzira yekuona kuti munhu anofamba ndiani.Saka nekudaro, zvirambidzo pazvinhu zvakaita sezvinwiwa uye gels zvinogona kudzikiswa kana vafambi vakaziva nezvezviremera zvavo zvekuchengetedza.
Kuita shanduko dzakafanana dzemitemo panhandare dzendege dzeUS zvinoda kuti TSA idzidze zvakawanda nezvevafambi.Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa nenzira mbiri.
Imwe yeiyi ndiyo yemahara PreCheck inopa kune chero mufambi anoshuvira kupedzisa anodiwa kumashure cheki.Imwe nzira inogona kunge iri yekuwedzera kushandiswa kweiyo biometric authentication sekuzivikanwa kwechiso, izvo zvinopa mabhenefiti akafanana ekuderedza njodzi.
Vafambi vakadaro vanobvumirwa kutarisa mukwende maererano ne3-1-1 chirongwa.Vapfuuri vasati vaziva nezveTSA vachange vachiri pasi pemutemo uyu.
Vamwe vanogona kupokana kuti vafambi vanozivikanwa veTSA vanogona kutakura zvinoputika zvemvura kuburikidza nekuchengetedza cheki uye kukonzera kukuvara.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nei nzira yakaoma yekuona kana vari mufambi anozivikanwa kana kushandisa ruzivo rwebiometric ichifanirwa kuve kiyi yekuzorodza mutemo we3-1-1, sezvo njodzi dzine chekuita nevanhu vakadai dzakadzikira zvakanyanya.Iyo yakawedzerwa layer yechengetedzo yakapihwa neCT imaging michina inoderedza yasara njodzi.
Munguva pfupi, kwete.Nekudaro, chidzidzo chakadzidzwa ndechekuti mhinduro kune kutyisidzira kwakapfuura dzinofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva.
Kutevedzera mutemo we3-1-1 kunoda kuti TSA izive nezvevatyairi vakawanda.Dambudziko guru rekushandisa kucherechedzwa kwechiso kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi ndezvekuvanzika, izvo zvakaratidzwa nemaseneta angangoita mashanu netarisiro yekudzivirira kupararira kwayo.Kana maseneta aya akabudirira, hazvigoneke kuti mutemo we3-1-1 usimudzwe kune vese vanofamba.
Shanduko mumutemo weUK dziri kusundidzira dzimwe nyika kuti dziongorore marongero adzo emari.Mubvunzo hausi wekuti mutemo mutsva unodiwa, asi riini uye kune ani.
Sheldon H. Jacobson ndiye Purofesa weComputer Science paYunivhesiti yeIllinois kuUrbana-Champaign.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-04-2023
