Mu 2006, umugambi mubisha wo gutwara ibintu biturika mu ndege ziva i Londres zerekeza muri Amerika na Kanada byatumye Ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutekano wo gutwara abantu bushyiraho igipimo cya garama 3 ku bikoresho byose by’amazi na gel mu mizigo y'intoki.
Ibi byatumye amategeko azwi cyane kandi asebanya cyane 3-1-1 yo gutwara: buri mugenzi atwara kontineri ya ounce 3 mumufuka wa quarti 1.Amategeko 3-1-1 amaze imyaka 17 ashyirwaho.Kuva icyo gihe, umutekano wikibuga cyindege wateye imbere haba muburyo bwikoranabuhanga.Ihinduka rikomeye ry’ingamba ni iyinjizwa mu mwaka wa 2011 rya sisitemu ya PreCheck ishingiye ku ngaruka, ikamenyesha neza TSA iby'abagenzi kandi ikabemerera gukuraho byihuse ibirindiro by'umutekano w'ikibuga cy'indege.
Kugeza ubu TSA irimo gukoresha tomografi yabazwe (CT) yerekana ibikoresho bishobora gutanga 3D neza neza yibirimo imizigo.
Ubwongereza bwafashe icyemezo cyo kutabikora kandi burimo gufata ingamba zo gukuraho iryo tegeko.Ikibuga cy’indege cya London City, icya mbere mu Bwongereza cyakuyeho iryo tegeko, ni ugusuzuma imizigo y’intoki hamwe n’ibikoresho byo gusikana CT bishobora kugenzura neza neza ibintu byamazi bigera kuri litiro ebyiri, cyangwa hafi igice cya litiro.Ibintu biturika byamazi bifite ubucucike butandukanye n’amazi kandi birashobora kumenyekana ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gusikana CT.
Kugeza ubu, guverinoma y'Ubwongereza ivuga ko nta kibazo cy’umutekano cyigeze kiboneka hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bya CT scan.Nuburyo busekeje bwo gupima intsinzi.
Niba hari umutwe w’iterabwoba ushaka ibisasu biturika binyuze ku birindiro by’umutekano by’ikibuga cy’indege, ni byiza gutegereza kugeza igihe ibindi bibuga by’indege by’Ubwongereza byinjiye kandi ibindi bihugu bikabigana mu kwemerera ibintu byinshi by’amazi mu mizigo y'intoki.Igitero kinini gishobora gutegurwa twizeye ko hari ibintu biturika bitemba byaca muri gahunda y’umutekano, bigatera akaduruvayo no gusenya.
Iterambere mu mutekano wikibuga cyindege rirakenewe, kandi ibyari bikenewe mu myaka 10 cyangwa 20 ishize ntibishobora kuba bigikenewe kugirango gahunda yindege itekane.
Amakuru meza nuko abagenzi hafi ya bose nta kibazo kibangamira sisitemu yindege.Iterabwoba ni nko gushaka urushinge muri nyakatsi.Birashoboka ko umutekano uhungabanya umutekano kubera impinduka za politiki mugihe gito ni muto cyane.
Kimwe mu bitagenda neza ku cyemezo cy'Ubwongereza ni uko abagenzi bose bataremewe kimwe mu bijyanye n'umutekano.Benshi muribo ni beza rwose.Umuntu yokwerekana neza ko kumunsi uwariwo wose abagenzi bose bagirira neza.Nyamara, politiki igomba kuba ihari yo gucunga iminsi myinshi gusa, ariko niminsi idasanzwe.Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma CT bitanga ibice byimbaraga kugirango bigabanye ingaruka kandi bitange uburinzi bukenewe.
Ariko, ibikoresho byo kugenzura CT ntabwo bigarukira.Bashobora kugira ibyiza byibinyoma bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wabantu kuri bariyeri, cyangwa ibyiza bishobora guteza umutekano muke mugihe abagenzi babibeshye.Muri Amerika, mu gihe politiki ya 3-1-1 ikiriho, umuvuduko w'abagenzi banyura ku murongo w'umutekano wagabanutse kubera ko abayobozi b'ikigo gishinzwe umutekano wo gutwara abantu (TSA) bahuza n'ibikoresho bishya bya CT.
Ubwongereza ntibukora buhumyi.Itera kandi imbere kumenyekanisha isura ya biometrike nkuburyo bwo kugenzura umwirondoro.Nkibyo, kubuza ibintu nkibintu byamazi na geles birashobora koroha mugihe abagenzi bazi abashinzwe umutekano.
Gushyira mu bikorwa impinduka zisa na politiki ku bibuga byindege bya Amerika bizasaba TSA kwiga byinshi kubagenzi.Ibi birashobora kugerwaho muburyo bubiri.
Kimwe muri ibyo ni PreCheck yubuntu itanga kumugenzi wese wifuza kuzuza igenzura risabwa.Ubundi buryo bushobora kuba ukongera ikoreshwa rya biometriki yo kwemeza nko kumenyekanisha mu maso, byatanga inyungu zisa zo kugabanya ingaruka.
Abagenzi nkabo bemerewe kugenzura imizigo ukurikije gahunda ya 3-1-1.Abagenzi bataramenya TSA bazakomeza gukurikiza iri tegeko.
Bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko abagenzi bazwi ba TSA bashobora gutwara ibintu biturika biturutse kuri bariyeri z'umutekano kandi bigatera ibikomere.Ibi birerekana impamvu inzira igoye yo kugenzura niba ari ingenzi izwi cyangwa gukoresha amakuru ya biometriki igomba kuba urufunguzo rwo koroshya amategeko 3-1-1, kubera ko ingaruka ziterwa nabantu nkabo ari nke cyane.Wongeyeho urwego rwumutekano rutangwa nibikoresho bya CT byerekana amashusho bizagabanya ingaruka zisigaye.
Mu gihe gito, oya.Nyamara, isomo twize ni uko ibisubizo ku iterabwoba byashize bigomba gusubirwamo buri gihe.
Kubahiriza amategeko 3-1-1 byasaba TSA kumenya abayitwara benshi.Inzitizi nini mu gukoresha kumenyekanisha mu maso kugira ngo ugere kuri iyi ntego ni ibibazo by’ibanga, byagaragajwe n’abasenateri nibura batanu bizeye ko byakwirakwizwa.Niba aba basenateri baratsinze, ntibishoboka ko itegeko rya 3-1-1 rizavaho kubagenzi bose.
Impinduka muri politiki y’Ubwongereza zirasunika ibindi bihugu gusuzuma politiki y’imikorere.Ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba politiki nshya ikenewe, ahubwo ni ryari nande.
Sheldon H. Jacobson ni Porofeseri w’ubumenyi bwa mudasobwa muri kaminuza ya Illinois muri Urbana-Champaign.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-04-2023
