Mu 2006, chiwembu chonyamula zida zamadzimadzi pamaulendo apandege kuchokera ku London kupita ku US ndi Canada zidapangitsa bungwe la Transportation Security Administration kuti liyike malire a ma ounces atatu pamiyendo yonse yamadzi ndi gel zomwe zili m'chikwama chamanja.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti pakhale lamulo lodziwika bwino komanso lonyozedwa kwambiri la 3-1-1: wokwera aliyense amayika chidebe cha 3-ounce mu thumba la 1-quart.Lamulo la 3-1-1 lakhala likugwira ntchito kwa zaka 17.Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chitetezo cha ndege chapita patsogolo kwambiri komanso mwaukadaulo.Kusintha kofunikira kwambiri kunali kuyambika kwa 2011 kwa PreCheck system yoyika chiopsezo, yomwe imadziwitsa TSA za apaulendo ndikuwathandiza kuti achotse mwachangu malo owonera chitetezo pabwalo la ndege.
TSA pakadali pano ikutumiza zida zowunikira za computed tomography (CT) zomwe zitha kupereka mawonekedwe olondola a 3D pazomwe zili m'chikwama.
UK yasankha kusatero ndipo ikuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse lamuloli.London City Airport, yoyamba ku UK kuchotsa lamuloli, ikuyang'ana katundu wamanja ndi zida zowunikira za CT zomwe zimatha kuyang'ana bwino zotengera zamadzimadzi mpaka malita awiri, kapena theka la galoni.Zophulika zamadzimadzi zimakhala ndi kachulukidwe kosiyana ndi madzi ndipo zimatha kuzindikirika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira za CT.
Pakadali pano, boma la UK lati sipanakhalepo zochitika zachitetezo ndi zida za CT scan.Ndi njira yopusa kuyesa kupambana.
Ngati gulu lililonse la zigawenga likufuna mabomba amadzimadzi kudzera m'malo oyang'anira zachitetezo pabwalo la ndege, ndi bwino kudikirira mpaka ma eyapoti ena aku UK alowemo ndipo mayiko ena achite zomwezo polola kuti mabotolo akulu amadzimadzi m'chikwama chake.Kuwukira kwakukulu kutha kulinganizidwa ndi chiyembekezo chakuti zophulika zamadzimadzi zitha kudutsa muchitetezo, ndikuyambitsa chipwirikiti ndi chiwonongeko chofala.
Kupita patsogolo kwa chitetezo cha m’mabwalo a ndege n’kofunika, ndipo zimene zinkafunika zaka 10 kapena 20 zapitazo sizingafunikirenso kuti ndege zisamayende bwino.
Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti pafupifupi apaulendo onse sakhala ndi vuto lililonse pamayendedwe apandege.Ziwopsezo zauchigawenga zili ngati kupeza singano muudzu.Mwayi wophwanya chitetezo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ndondomeko pakanthawi kochepa ndi wotsika kwambiri.
Choyipa chimodzi pamalingaliro a UK ndikuti si onse okwera omwe amapangidwa ofanana pankhani yachitetezo.Ambiri a iwo ndi abwino kwenikweni.Munthu anganene moyenerera kuti tsiku lililonse apaulendo onse amakhala okoma mtima.Komabe, ndondomeko ziyenera kukhalapo kuti musamalire masiku ambiri, komanso masiku osazolowereka.Zida zowunikira za CT zimapereka zigawo zolimbikitsira kuti muchepetse chiopsezo ndikupereka chitetezo chofunikira.
Komabe, zida zowunikira za CT sizikhala ndi malire.Atha kukhala ndi malingaliro abodza omwe amatha kuchedwetsa kuyenda kwa anthu pamalo ochezera, kapena zolakwika zomwe zingayambitse kuphwanya chitetezo ngati okwera alakwitsa.Ku United States, pamene ndondomeko ya 3-1-1 idakalipo, liwiro la apaulendo odutsa mizere yachitetezo lacheperachepera pomwe akuluakulu a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) amazolowera zida zatsopano za CT.
UK sichita mwachimbulimbuli.Imalimbikitsanso kuzindikira nkhope ya biometric ngati njira yotsimikizira yemwe ali paulendo.Chifukwa chake, zoletsa pazinthu monga zamadzimadzi ndi ma gels zitha kuchepetsedwa ngati apaulendo akudziwa zachitetezo chawo.
Kukhazikitsanso zosintha zofananira pama eyapoti aku US kudzafuna kuti TSA iphunzire zambiri za okwera.Izi zingatheke m’njira ziwiri.
Chimodzi mwa izi ndi PreCheck yaulere yomwe imapereka kwa wapaulendo aliyense amene akufuna kumaliza cheke chakumbuyo.Njira ina ingakhale kuonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizika kwa biometric monga kuzindikira nkhope, zomwe zingapereke ubwino wochepetsera chiopsezo chofanana.
Okwera otere amaloledwa kuyang'ana katundu malinga ndi dongosolo la 3-1-1.Apaulendo omwe sanadziwebe za TSA azitsatirabe lamuloli.
Ena anganene kuti apaulendo odziwika a TSA amatha kunyamula zophulika zamadzimadzi kudzera poyang'ana chitetezo ndikuvulaza.Izi zikuwonetsa chifukwa chake njira yotsimikizika yotsimikizira ngati ali oyenda odziwika kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso cha biometric kuyenera kukhala chinsinsi chotsitsimula lamulo la 3-1-1, popeza kuwopsa kwa anthu otere ndikochepa kwambiri.Chowonjezera chowonjezera chachitetezo choperekedwa ndi zida zoyerekeza za CT chidzachepetsa chiopsezo chotsalira.
M'kanthawi kochepa, ayi.Komabe, phunziro lomwe laphunziridwa ndiloti mayankho ku ziwopsezo zakale amayenera kuwunikiridwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kutsatira lamulo la 3-1-1 kungafune kuti TSA idziwe okwera ambiri.Cholepheretsa chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kumaso kuti mukwaniritse cholinga ichi ndizovuta zachinsinsi, zomwe zanenedwa ndi maseneti osachepera asanu ndikuyembekeza kuletsa kufalikira.Ngati maseneta awa achita bwino, sizingatheke kuti lamulo la 3-1-1 lichotsedwe kwa okwera onse.
Zosintha zamalamulo aku UK zikukakamiza maiko ena kuti awonenso ndondomeko zawo zopezera ndalama.Funso siliri ngati ndondomeko yatsopano ikufunika, koma liti komanso kwa ndani.
Sheldon H. Jacobson ndi Pulofesa wa Computer Science ku yunivesite ya Illinois ku Urbana-Champaign.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-04-2023
